Multi-factor authentication may be implemented with key pairs by entering a passphrase when the key pair is generated (see user key generation below). If the server-side public key can't be validated against the client-side private key, authentication fails. Key based authentication enables the SSH server and client to compare the public key for a user name provided against the private key. The public key is what is placed on the SSH server, and may be shared without compromising the private key. If someone acquires your private key, they can sign in as you to any SSH server you have access to. The private key files are the equivalent of a password, and should stay protected under all circumstances. SSH public key authentication uses asymmetric cryptographic algorithms to generate two key files – one "private" and the other "public". Key pairs refer to the public and private key files that are used by certain authentication protocols. If you're unfamiliar with SSH key management, we strongly recommend you review NIST document IR 7966 titled "Security of Interactive and Automated Access Management Using Secure Shell (SSH)". This document provides an overview of how to use these tools on Windows to begin using key-based authentication with SSH.
scp and sftp to securely copy public key files during initial use of a server.ssh-agent and ssh-add for securely storing private keys.OpenSSH includes tools to help support key based authentication, specifically: When working across domains, such as between on-premises and cloud-hosted systems, it becomes vulnerable to brute force intrusions.īy comparison, Linux environments commonly use public-key/private-key pairs to drive authentication that doesn't require the use of guessable passwords. Most authentication in Windows environments is done with a username-password pair, which works well for systems that share a common domain. Applies to Windows Server 2022, Windows Server 2019, Windows 10 (build 1809 and later)
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